Heart Attack

Is Artical me aap ko heart attack ki saari jankari milegi jasake Heart attack kya hai, Heart Attack kyu hota hai, Heart ke symptoms kya kya hain, Heart Attack hone per Doctor ko kab dikhana chahiye, Agar kisiko heart Attack ho to hame kya karna chahiye, Heart Attack me kya kya problems hosakti hai, Heart Attack se kaise bachen.

Overview: Heart Attack kya hai aur kyun hota hai

Dil ka daura tab hota hai jab dil tak khoon ka behna sakht kam ho jata hai ya poora band ho jata hai. Ye bandish aam tor par dil (coronary) ki riyaahiyon mein charbi, cholesterol aur doosre ajzaon ka ikhtiyaar hone ke wajah se hoti hai. Charbi aur cholesterol se bharay hue deposits ko plaque kehte hain. Is plaque ka ikhtiyaar honay ka process atherosclerosis kehlata hai.

Kabhi-kabhi, plaque phat kar ek clot ban sakta hai, jo khoon ka behna rok deta hai. Khoon ka behna na hone se dil ke hisse ko nuksaan pahunch sakta hai ya bilkul tabah kar sakta hai.

Dil ka daure ko “myocardial infarction” bhi kehte hain.

Dil ka daura hone par maut se bachne ke liye turant ilaj ki zaroorat hoti hai. Agar aapko lagta hai ki aapko dil ka daura ho sakta hai, toh turant emergency medical help ko call karen.

Symptoms of Heart Attack

Dil ka daura hone ke lakshan alag-alag ho sakte hain. Kuch log halka sa lakshan mehsoos karte hain. Kuch log gambheer lakshan se pareshan hote hain. Kuch logon ko koi lakshan bhi nahi hota.

Aam tour per dil ka doura hone per alag alag symptoms dikhai de sakte hai jaisa ke:

• Chest Pain: Dil mein dard jo dabav, tangi, dard, dabaav ya khichao jaisa mehsoos ho sakta hai.
• Pains: Dard ya bechaini jo kandhe, bazu, peeth, gardan, jabde, daanton ya kabhi-kabhi pait ke upar phail sakta hai.
• Cold sweat: Thande paseene bhi aasakte hai
• Fatigue: Thakan
• Chati me jalan ya hazma ki kharabi
• Sar mein halka-dard ya sudden chakkar aana
• Matli hona
• Saans lene mein takleef ya saans lene ki kami

Aurat mein atypical lakshan bhi ho sakte hain, jaise gardan, bazu ya peeth mein chote ya tez dard ka anubhav. Kabhi-kabhi, dil ka daura ka pehla lakshan sanyukt hriday zor se ruk jaane (sudden cardiac arrest) hota hai.

Kuch dil ke daure achanak hotay hain. Lekin bahut se logon ko pahle ghante, din ya hafte se pahle pehle dikkat ke sanket aur lakshan hote hain. Seene mein dard ya dabav (angina) jo baar-baar hota hai aur aaram karne par bhi nahi jaata, ye pahle sanket ho sakta hai. Angina dil tak khoon ka temporary kam ho jaane se hota hai.

When to go to the Doctor

Agar aapko dil ka daura hone ke symptoms ya sanket mehsoos ho rahe hain, toh turant doctor se milna chahiye.

• Emergency medical help ko call karen. Agar aapko lagta hai ki aapko dil ka daura ho sakta hai, turant apne local emergency number par call karen. Agar aapke paas emergency medical services ki suvidha nahi hai, kisi ko aapko najdiki hospital tak le jane ke liye kahen. Khud ko gadi chalane ke liye sirf tabhi chalayen jab koi dusra raasta na ho.
• Agar aapko kisi sehat care provider ke zariye prescribe kiya gaya hai, toh nitroglycerin istemaal karen. Isko emergency madad ka intezaar karte hue di gayi hukam ke mutabiq istemaal karen.
• Agar salah di gayi hai, toh aspirin istemaal karen. Dil ka daura ke dauran aspirin lena khoon jamne se bachakar dil ke nuksan ko kam kar sakta hai.

Note: Aspirin doosri dawao ke saath asar kar sakta hai. Aspirin sirf tabhi lena jab aapka care provider ya emergency medical personnel aapko iska istemaal karne ko kehte hain.

Agar aap kisi ko dekhte hain jisko dil ka daura pada ho, tob yeh kare:

Agar koi behosh hai aur aapko lagta hai ki unhe dil ka daura ho sakta hai, toh pehle apne local emergency number par call karen. Fir dekhen ki wo insaan saans le raha hai aur pulse hai ya nahi. Agar wo insaan saans nahi le raha hai ya aapko pulse nahi milega, tabhi aap CPR shuru karen.

• Agar aapko CPR ki training nahi hai, toh “hands-only” CPR karen. Iska matlab hai ki vyakti ke seene par taqatwar aur tez dabav banaye rakhen – lagbhag 100 se 120 compression per minute.
• Agar aap CPR mein training le chuke hain aur apne hunar par bharosa rakhte hain, toh pehle 30 seene ki dabav karen phir do bachav ki saans den.

Causes of Heart Attack

Dil ka daura ka sabse bada karan coronary artery disease hota hai. Coronary artery disease mein, dil (coronary) ki ek ya zyada riyaahiyon mein bandish hoti hai. Yeh aam taur par charbi se bharay hue deposits jinhe plaque kehte hain ki wajah se hoti hai. Plaque riyaahiyon ko tang kar sakti hai, jiski wajah se dil tak khoon ka behna kam ho jata hai.

Agar plaque phat kar khulta hai, toh dil mein khoon ka clot ho sakta hai.

Dil ka daura samagra ya aanshik riyaahi bandish ke karan ho sakta hai jahan dil (coronary) ki riyaahiyon mein blockage hoti hai. Dil ke dauron ko tarah-tarah se classify kiya ja sakta hai, jisme electrocardiogram (ECG ya EKG) mein kuch khaas badlav (ST elevation) dikhte hain jo turant zaroori ilaaj ki zaroorat hai. Aapke healthcare provider ECG ke natije ka istemal karke is tarah ke dil ke dauron ki tashkhees kar sakte hain.

• Coronary artery disease: Dil (coronary) ki riyaahiyon mein bandish ya blockage, jise coronary artery disease kehte hain.
• Coronary artery spasm: Dil ki riyaahiyon mein spasms ya contraction hone se khoon ka flow ruk jata hai.
• High blood pressure: High blood pressure (hypertension) dil ki riyaahiyon ko nuksaan pahuncha kar daura ka khatra badha sakta hai.
• Atherosclerosis: Chiknai, cholesterol aur anya padarthon ki jamaavat se dil ki riyaahiyon mein plaque banta hai, jo atherosclerosis kehlata hai.

Risk factors of Heart Attack

Aam tor per mardo me Age 45 ya usse zyada aur Aurto me 55 ya usse zyada ki umar ke logo me Heart Attack ke chanses zyado hote hai.

• Hyperlipidemia (cholesterol ki adhikata): High cholesterol level dil ke riyaahiyon mein plaque banane ki sambhavna ko badhata hai.
• High blood pressure (uccha raktachaap): Uccha raktachaap dil ke daure ki sambhavna ko badha deta hai.
• Smoking (tambaku ka sevan): Tambaku ka sevan dil ki riyaahiyon mein nuksan pahunchakar daure ka khatra badhata hai.
• Diabetes: Diabetes dil ke daure ki sambhavna ko badha sakta hai.
• Obesity (motapa): Sharirik vajan ki adhikta dil ka daura hone ki sambhavna ko badha sakti hai.
• Sedentary lifestyle (akactive jeevan shaili): Kam gati se rehna, vyayam na karna aur baithkar kam kaam karne ki aadat dil ke daure ki sambhavna ko badha sakti hai.
• Family history (kul parivara ka itihaas): Agar kisi ke kul parivara mein pehle se dil ka daura hua hai, toh unko bhi yeh khatra ho sakta hai.
• Gender: Purushon mein dil ke daure ki sambhavna mahilayon se adhik hoti hai, lekin menopause ke baad yeh risk mahilayon mein bhi badh jati hai.
• Stress (tanav): Tanav, chinta aur jyada pressure dil ke daure ki sambhavna ko badha sakta hai.

Complications in Heart Attack

Dil ka daura hone ke baad aksar samsyaayein dil ke maspeshiyo mein hui nuksan ki wajah se hoti hain. Dil ka daura hone ke aksar samsyaayao mein ye saari shaamil ho sakti hain:

• Dil ki bimari (heart failure): Dil ki bimari tab hoti hai jab dil sahi tarah se kam na kar sake aur sharir ko sufficient khoon pradaan na kar sake.
• Rhythm problems (gatirodh samasyaayein): Dil ka daura dil ki gatirodh system ko prabhaavit kar sakti hai, jisse aniyamit dil ki dhadkan aur anya gatirodh samasyaayein ho sakti hain.
• Cardiogenic shock: Jab dil ka pump kamzor ho jata hai aur sharir mein sufficient khoon na pahunch sake, tab cardiogenic shock ho sakta hai.
• Blood clots (khoon ka clot): Dil ka daura khoon ka clot banane ki sambhavna ko badha sakta hai, jisse dil ke aas-pass riyaahiyon mein aur dusre angon mein bhi bandish ho sakti hai.
• Cardiac arrest: Dil ka daura hone se bhi dil ki gati rok sakti hai, jisse cardiac arrest ho sakta hai.
• Stroke: Dil ka daura hone se khoon ka clot ban kar dimag ki riyaahiyon mein bandish ho sakti hai, jisse stroke ho sakta hai.
• Lung complications: Dil ka daura hone se lungs ki samasyaayein bhi ho sakti hain, jaise lung congestion aur pneumonia.
• Emotional and psychological effects: Dil ka daura guzarna ek traumatic anubhav ho sakta hai aur vyakti par tanav, chinta aur maansik prabhav bhi padh sakta hai.

Preventions

Dil ka daura rokne ke liye kadam uthane ka kabhi bhi der nahi hota – chahe aapne pehle se hi ek daura jhel liya ho. Yahan dil ka daura rokne ke tarike hain:

• Healthy diet: Cholesterol aur trans fats se bharpoor khane se bache aur hifazati diet jaise mediterranean ya DASH diet ka istemal kare.
• Exercise: Rozana Exercise kare, kam se kam 30 minutes tak. Walking, cycling, swimming, ya kisi bhi cardio exercise ko apnaye.
• Tambaku aur sharab se door rahe: Tambaku ka sevan kareedna aur sharab ka sevan kam kare ya bilkul na kare.
• Diabetes ko normal kare: Agar aapko diabetes hai, toh apni sugar level ki normal rakhe aur apne doctor ki salah ke anusaar dawaen le.
• Dawaon ko sahi tarah se le: Agar aapko dil se jude kisi bhi samasya ka ilaaj chal raha hai, toh apne doctor ke diye hue dawaon ko sahi tarah se aur niyamit roop se le.